What you're seeing is
caused by stacking artifacts (they're not stacking artifacts themselves).
This section of the manual/website should explain what's happening and how you can avoid it.
Specifically;
Preparing data for the Wipe module
It is of the utmost importance that Wipe is given the best artefact-free, linear data you can muster.
Leaving stacking artifacts in will cause Wipe to interpret the anomalous data as true background, causing it to back off near the location of the artifacts.
Because Wipe tries to find the true (darkest) background level, any pixel reading that is mistakenly darker than the true background in your image (for example due to dead pixels on the CCD, or a dust speck on the sensor) will cause Wipe to acquire wrong readings for the background. When this happens, Wipe can be seen to "back off" around the area where the anomalous data was detected, resulting in localised patches where gradient (or light pollution) remnants remain. These can often look like halos. Often dark anomalous data can be found at the very centre of such a halo or remnant.
Halo around a simulated dust speck dark anomaly.
The reason Wipe backs off is that Wipe (as is the case with most modules in StarTools) refuses to clip your data. Instead Wipe allocates the dynamic range that the dark anomaly needs to display its 'features'. Of course, we don't care about the 'features' of an anomaly and would be happy for Wipe to clip the anomaly if it means the rest of the image will look correct.
Masking out the dust speck in order to make Wipe ignore that location.
Fortunately, there are various ways to help Wipe avoid anomalous data;
The result of making Wipe ignore the anomalous data. No halo-like remnant is left.
- A "dark anomaly filter" parameter can be set to filter out smaller dark anomalies, such as dead pixels or small clusters of dead pixels.
- Larger dark anomalies (such as dust specks on the sensor) can be excluded from the image that Wipe samples by creating a mask that excludes that particular area (for example by "drawing" a "gap" in the mask using the Lassoo tool in the Mask editor).
- Stacking artefacts can be cropped using the Crop module.
